Practice — Answers & Evidence
身近な社会・環境テーマを扱う、すし単オリジナル問題です。
Bringing Urban Streams Back to the Surface
All buried urban streams were originally covered to prevent flooding.
本文は道路や建物の建設を理由として挙げますが、すべての川の唯一の目的までは示していません。
Modern paved surfaces can increase the amount of water entering a stream.
舗装面によって雨が地中へ浸透しにくくなるため、流入量が増えるという説明と一致します。
Ecological recovery always begins as soon as sunlight reaches the stream.
always と rarely immediate が矛盾します。
The new stream increased business for some local shops in one neighbourhood.
歩行者の滞在時間が延び、商売が増えたという記述と一致します。
Repairing an old pipe is always more expensive than daylighting.
費用関係が設問と逆です。
Residents can contribute information that is absent from official maps.
地図が見落とす問題を住民の知識が示せるとあります。
Questions 7–13
Complete the summary. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.
Before reopening a stream, engineers study the whole 7. catchment. Wide banks and 8. shallow wetlands can store storm water. Restoring one 9. isolated section may not be enough for wildlife. A stream may also provide a cooler walking route during 10. hot weather. Authorities increasingly compare long-term costs instead of only the 11. initial price. Residents’ knowledge complements technical 12. surveys. The process is a 13. negotiation between nature and the city.
The Quiet Growth of Seed Libraries
Every seed library requires users to return seed.
必須ではないため FALSE です。
Local seed varieties are said to be superior to commercial varieties in all conditions.
本文が明確に否定しています。
Tomato seeds are generally easier to save than squash seeds.
自家受粉するトマトの方が保存しやすいという内容です。
Small seed libraries routinely test every packet for disease.
routine testing とは逆です。
Workshops can help inexperienced gardeners discuss unsuccessful crops.
失敗を共有すると述べています。
Commercial seed companies have tried to close all seed libraries.
法的問題には触れますが、企業が全て閉鎖しようとしたとはありません。
Questions 20–26
Complete the summary. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.
Seed libraries first helped protect 20. local crop varieties. Maintaining many varieties preserves genetic 21. diversity. Users receive advice about distance, timing and 22. labelling. Most seeds last longer when protected from warmth and 23. moisture. Unlike professional seed banks, community projects rarely maintain fully 24. controlled conditions. Their workshops may be more valuable than the number of packets 25. exchanged. Organisers must balance openness with 26. responsibility.
Why Night Trains Are Returning
Night trains disappeared entirely from Europe.
完全に消えたとは書かれていません。
Rail travel always has lower emissions than flying.
always が本文と矛盾します。
A slower overnight journey can preserve useful daytime hours.
睡眠中に移動することで日中時間を使えるという説明です。
All European rail networks use identical signalling rules.
identical と different が矛盾します。
International night-train tickets are available from every booking system.
本文の否定と反対です。
Most passengers prefer shared compartments to private cabins.
好みの多数派については述べていません。
The passage predicts that night trains will replace long-distance aviation.
本文は置き換えないと述べています。
Questions 34–40
Complete the summary. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.
Sleeping cars were costly to 34. maintain, which contributed to their decline. Their environmental advantage is greatest when passengers would otherwise 35. fly. Although the journey is slower, passengers can spend much of it 36. sleeping. International operation involves different rules and access 37. charges. Depots must prepare beds and supply water within a short 38. turnaround. Tickets may combine a fare with a 39. reservation. The revival demonstrates that travellers value more than 40. speed.